How to support a person to make their own decisions

Dementia Australia encourages people to take part in the decisions that affect them because it helps maintain dignity and self-esteem as they age.

To maximise the ability of a person to understand and make a decision, either independently or with support, you need to consider how you present the information.

Here are some points to think about.

1. Consider who would be the best person to talk with the person making the decision. This could be a combination of a professional, the substitute decision-maker (if one is appointed), a trusted relative or friend of the person.

2. Keep the information only to what is needed.

3. Take time to explain the relevant information that might help the person to make the decision and be willing to repeat the information if required.

4. Describe any foreseeable risks and benefits in practical terms.

5. If there are options, give the information about the choices in a clear and balanced way.

To assist the person to be able to communicate their preferences:

• Consider the best time to communicate with the person (e.g. are there times of the day when the person is more alert?).

• Be prepared to have more than one discussion with the person about the decision that has to be made.

• If the person has hearing difficulties ensure that appropriate aids are used.

• Consider whether the person requires an interpreter.

• Use simple language – avoid jargon or complex medical terms.

• If appropriate, use photos or pictures and objects to communicate with the person.

• If you are aware of the person’s past (e.g. occupation or interests) you may be able to refer to examples which help them to understand.

• Speak at an appropriate speed and volume and be careful of tone of voice.

• Ask one question at a time and wait for a response before continuing.

• Be aware of cultural and religious factors which might influence the person’s way of thinking, communication and behaving.

What to do when the person can’t decide for themselves?

If the person is unable to understand the decision and its consequences or communicate their preferences you may need to speak to the person’s substitute decision maker.